An ion exchange resin is an insoluble matrix. It is normally in the form of small (1-2 mm diameter) beads, usually white or yellowish, fabricated from an organic polymer substrate. The material has highly developed structure of pores on the surface of which are sites with easily trapped and released ions. The trapping of ions takes place only with simultaneous releasing of other ions; thus the process is called ion exchange. There are multiple different types of ion exchange resin which are fabricated to selectively prefer one or several different types of ions. These are widely used in different separation, purification, and decontamination processes.

Gel ion exchange resins are preferably suited to protein purification, antibody isolation, and peptide fractionation. These are ion exchange media for use in low-pressure liquid chromatography.

Ion exchanger features a number of interesting physical and chemical characteristics. Ion exchangers are used in miniature columns for the preconcentration of metal traces are employed in a variety of sizes and pore diameters. Ion exchangers are used to remove salts from the water. Ion exchangers are divided into anion-exchangers and cation exchangers.

Ion generators charge particles in a room. The charged particles are then attracted to walls, floors, draperies, and other surfaces in the room. The ion generator may have a collector that collects these charged particles. Those generators that do not have a collector may cause soiling of wall and the other surfaces. It is act by charging the particles in a room. The main purpose of ion generator is to increase in the air the number of molecules or molecular clusters that carry positive or negative charges.

Ion exchange softener exchanges the hardness of calcium and magnesium, which is dissolved in water for the soft mineral sodium. It is operated by replacing the calcium and magnesium salts that form hard water scale with sodium salt. This process is carried out in an ion exchange column. It contains sodium chloride to recharge plastic like beads that exchange hardness minerals like calcium, manganese and magnesium for sodium. It is operated by exchanging the iron in the untreated water with sodium on the ion exchange medium.