Ejector scrubbers utilize waste steam or hot water expended through nozzles as the gas pumping energy. Ejector scrubbers are used in corrosive, explosive and toxic media.

Ejectors are designed to convert the pressure energy of a motivating fluid to velocity energy to entrain suction fluid. Ejectors are categorized into four basic types such as single-stage, multi-stage non-condensing, multi-stage condensing and multi-stage with both condensing & non-condensing stages. It is composed of three basic parts such as nozzle, mixing chamber and diffuser.

Elastic-plastic fracture mechanics is a method for predicting failure of a structure containing a crack. J-integral and crack-tip opening displacement are the most viable fracture parameters for characterizing crack initiation, stable crack growth, and subsequent instability in elastic-plastic materials. It applies to materials that exhibit time-independent, nonlinear behavior (i.e. plastic deformation).

An elastomer bellows seals is a non-pusher seal design in which a single spring coil fits over the shaft and bellows. The elastomer bellows requires a concentric spring; the metal bellows does not because the bellows itself provides the pressure necessary to hold the seal faces in contact.