Cutting oils are mineral, animal, vegetable, or synthetic oils used without dilution with water. These are more effective as lubricants than coolants. They are used extensively in grinding and honing operations, where they permit higher metal removal rates with better finish and less surface damage than water-based fluids. They are also used in relatively low speed operations such as broaching, tapping, gear hobbing, and gun drilling, since in these operations cooling capability is less critical. These are stable and provide excellent rust protection.