Diaphragm pressure gauge consists of a metallic tube. This is used for actuating the indicating device. These are often used in gauges to indicate absolute pressure. These are used for the measurement of relatively low pressure up to 1 bar and vacuum. The element is evacuated sealed and mounted within a closed chamber. The pressure to be measured is admitted to the closed chamber and surrounds the diaphragm element. This is a sensitive device well suited for the measurement or detection of small differential pressures applied to each side of diaphragm. The travel of the diaphragm and the stoke available depends on the cross section and the diameter. The gauge is suitable to indicate between 10 psi and 12 psi, but not suitable to indicate between 100 psi and 102 psi

Electric boilers use electric heating elements to heat water for in-floor radiant, hot water baseboard and radiator heat systems. It provides an efficient electric heat. These boilers are available as compact wall-hung units. They typically contain two or more immersion-type resistive heating elements mounted in a common enclosure through which water flows.

Firebox Boiler is an internally fired firetube unit as like vertical tubular and scotch marine tubes. But its shell is horizontal and the firebox is not contained within the cylindrical portion of the boiler. The firebox is rectangular with a curved top known as a crown sheet. This crown sheet is supported by radial stays screwed into the crown sheet and the outer wrapper sheet. The inner sheets of the firebox are connected to the outer side sheets by stay bolts. The space between these sheets are called the water legs. The fire tubes are within the barrel and run from the firebox tube sheet to the smoke box head of the barrel. This head in the smoke box is formed by extending the barrel beyond the tube sheet.

Flame Monitors are designed to monitor flames in single burner systems with continuous, intermittent and 72 h operation. Flame monitors have a spectral sensitivity of either 190 to 520 nm or 280 to 410 nm. These flame monitors are proven themselves in monitoring gas and oil combustion systems employing NOx reduction techniques such as flue gas recirculation. These flame monitors are ideally suited for monitoring yellow-burning flames of coal or wood, which have no or only very small portions of UV emissions. Flame monitors provide local indication of flame and output signal for furnace protection safety interlock.

Flame Sensor comprises a cell containing an infrared absorptive fluid such as carbon dioxide gas. Flame sensors are designed to detect ultraviolet rays in flames. Flame sensor is also called automatic gas shut-off valves, are used as safety devices in gas ranges and other appliances. A flame sensor stops the flow of gas if the open flame does not produce heat such as when the pilot light is out or the product is malfunctioning. Flame sensors are used on industrial and marine gas.

Flash tank is a pressure vessel, often vented to atmosphere that contains steam produced from hot condensate under pressure that enters the tank. It allows high-pressure condensate to flash and to reduce pressure steam. Flash tank is used to reduce and cool the steam to low pressure before re-introducing it to the boiler, condensate receiver, or discharge directly from the system. And this tank is employed in condensate return system. It may be either vertical or horizontal.

Flash Traps are used to partially isolate internal or external flash rolls. Flash traps are used to contain the excess material from the weld.

Flow Controller provides fast response to the steam pressure changes in spite of the valve dead band. The tray temperature controller sets the set point for the flow control loop. The tray temperature is used as an indicator of the product composition because the dead time of a tray temperature measurement is nearly non-existent and a high correlation can be established. A power flow controlling facts device directly influences the active and reactive power flow over its control path.